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Smooth planes are used for the finest finishing work on the surface. Before sandpaper was in common use, such surfaces as veneers were not rubbed down but "smoothed" with the smooth plane. It was essential to set the iron with extreme precision and to work with the highest degree of skill.
All the smooth planes listed here have a 48 mm (approx. 1-7/8 in.) wide iron and a cap iron. The cutting angle of the ECE planes is 50°, of the ULMIA planes 49°. The length of the body is 220 mm (approx. 8-5/8 in.)!
Planes with mouth adjustment are known as "reform smooth planes". An adjustable plate in the sole of the plane permits the mouth to be reduced in size, either for particularly fine work or at the stage when the sole of the plane has been worn and has had to be trimmed. Even if there is note in the box to say a new plane is sharpened ready for use, this must be taken with a pinch of salt. You need to get to know a new plane, and sharpening it will rapidly deepen the acquaintance. Your plane will repay you with good work. Whether or not the manufacturer instructs you to do so, sharpen the iron, and hone it, and do the same with the cap iron. This is the only way to ensure that no shavings will get between the cap iron and the blade, clogging up the plane.
It will also not hurt to smooth the sole of the plane a little further, by placing 600-grain sandpaper on a dead flat surface and going over it with the plane a few times.
Click images for enlargements!
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